Топик по английскому чтение. Топик по английскому «Мое хобби — чтение» (My hobby is reading). Составление отзыва о книге на английском языке

30.01.2024

       Books surround us. They appeared ages ago and took different forms. The oldest form is probably the roll (30-40 centuries B.C.). It appeared in Ancient Egypt, and was as well used in Ancient Greece. The Egyptians used papyrus, brush and red and black ink to draw hieroglyphs, which at first meant things and animals and then started to mean sounds. There were more than 700 of hieroglyphs! Champollion, a French scientist, solved the riddle of these signs with"the help of Rosetta Stone on which there was a text in Egyptian and in Greek. Another ancient form was codex where pages were put one on another. The form of codex w as used in Mesopotamia (where the pages were made of clay), Rome and other countries. The Chinese invented paper, before this important invention people used different materials, mostly skins of animals. The books were copied by hand and cost a whole fortune. Later the printing press was invented so the books became popular and rather cheap. The first primed book was produced in Korea in the 8th century. In China the priming press began to work in the 11th century, in Europe - in the 15th century.
       There are many genres of books around us. They can be divided into fiction and non-fiction books.
       Non-fiction books contain real information and are used for education and work. They are reference books, dictionaries, atlases, biographies and autobiographies, scientific reports, textbooks and encyclopaedias. In reference books as well as in encyclopaedias you can find facts about different objects and famous people, about countries and animals. At school we use dictionaries to learn the meanings of words. Biographies are a good source of information. Sometimes they can also be a pleasant reading. Fot example, the biography of Moliere by Bulgakov, or of Tchaikovsky by Nina Berberova. Historical books describe different epochs and reigns of kings and queens.
       Fiction books are written to give pleasure. They are also called belles-lettres. This word is mostly used when we speak about stories, novels and romances. «War and Peace» by Leo Tolstoy is an example of fiction. But the young usually prefer fantasy books and science fiction. The difference between them is the following: fantasy books usually describe the events and countries in the form of a legend and narrate about the past. A good example of fantasy is «Conan the Barbarian»; science fiction books describe events in the future, the characters and places are given as imaginary and usually take place in the future. «Starship Troopers» by Heinlein, «Stainless Steel Rat» by Harry Harrison are examples of the style.
       I myself like science fiction most of all. My favourite science fiction book is «Starship troopers». The author of the book is Robert Heinlein. It has been filmed, but I don"t like the film, which is very primitive. The plot of the book, on the contrary, is complex and there are many philosophical ideas built in the sequence of fantastical events and surroundings. The main character of the book is a boy named Johnny. The boy joins the army, because of his love to a girl who wants to be a pilot. But through the book his character and understanding of the situation changes. He understands what it means to be a citizen of the state, to bi responsible for your decisions. While in the army, he understands that only a man who can forget his own interests for the sake of his Motherland is a real citizen. I think, this idea is vital now in our country. I have read many science fiction books by Russian and foreign authors. At the end of the book he is an officer who understands his duty.
       But my favourite fiction book is «Gone with the Wind». It was written by Margaret Mitchell. Her father was the President of the Atlanta Historical Society. You know, Atlanta was one of the important cities in the South. Since her childhood the girl had heard stories about the Civil War between the North and the South. When the girl grew up and got married, she decided to write down those stories. So, she wrote «Gone with the wind». The book was published for the first time in 1936. It was a great success and the next year it got the Pulitzer Prize. In 1939 the book was filmed.
       I like the book because it has several levels of composition. The first level is the love story - the main character, Scarlett O"Hara, loves Ashley Wilkes, but marries for money another man, Rhett Butler. By the end of the book she understands that she and Rhett are alike and have much in common, that she loves Rhett. But Rhett leaves her, and we can only guess if she can get him back.
       The second level is the description of the strong characters oi" the Southerners. Scarlett, a daughter of a rich planter, goes to the field and works as a slave when it is needed. Ashley, so quiet and gentle, goes to the war and fights well and bravely. In difficult situations of my life 1 think that they suffered more, but survived. So, this book helps me to go through the difficulties of my life.
       The third level of the book is the atmosphere of the Southern way of life. On the first page we can read the description of the Tarlton twins. When they are compared, the author does not use the usual English expression «as two peas»; she says that they were as two cotton bolls. Margaret Mitchell describes a planter"s house and his life routine.
       The fourth level is the events of the Civil War between the North and the South, and the post-war life. This is very useful, if you want to understand the modern differences between the northern and the southern states in nowadays America.
       I like the book so much that when the sequel was published, I made my mother buy it. We all have read it, but did not like much. Sequels are usually worse than the first books.

Reading plays a very important role in the life of people. It educates a person, enriches his intellect. Books help to mould a person"s character, from his moral values. Besides, books bring pleasure and delight. It"s a wonderful way of spending spare time. Sometimes we read the same book again and again.

Thanks to books we learn to express our thoughts and feelings more exactly. The book is faithful and understanding friend. It can be put aside and taken up again at any moment. There are books which have been our favorites since childhood.

People are fond of reading different kinds of books. Some people enjoy reading detective stories, adventure stories, novels, biographies, other prefer classics. Fairy tales are enjoyed and read by children, books about adventures and journeys are enjoyed by those who are fond of travelling. Legends and myths are read by those who are fond of history. Some people developed much time to reading books and reading becomes their free time occupation, their passion.

Throughout the centuries books had an enormous influence on the minds and hearts of people. Books bind together ages, personalities. Thanks to books we can talk to people who lived in different countries and ages. Through reading books we hear their voices, thoughts and feelings.

The book is the surest way to bring nations together. It helps people achieve understanding, trust, cooperation and friendship. Books awaken the young reader"s imagination. They develop literary taste, arouse interest and curiosity, the reader"s laugher as well as his tears. They teach the readers to be truthful, friendly, honest decisive, conscientious, frank, firm, fair and serious.

Libraries play an important part in the cultural development of people. People like reading, they have a desire learn they seek a knowledge. Books sat this desire. There are a lot of books in our country, in our flats. But it is difficult to buy all the books which we want to read. That is why we get books in public libraries.

Books shouldn"t be read only by pleasure. Reading books helps us in our education. We can fond all kinds of books in the libraries. Books offer romance history adventure, autobiographers science fiction and humor in the form of short stories and novels, poetry, prose and plays as well as reference books, encyclopaedias, dictionaries and so on.

In some libraries we can find books in many foreign languages. When a reader comes to a library for the first time he feels in library card and the librarian helps to chose something to read. The reader is allowed to borrow books for a certain number of days. The catalogues help the reader to find the books and not damage them in any way. Readers come to the reading rooms to study and prepare materials for their reports or for their scientific work.

To begin with, I would like to point out that it is quite hard to imagine our life without books. Moreover, books are our constant friends at different stages of life. We read our first stories and fairy-tales in childhood. We could not put the book down at school when we were very much interested in breath-taking adventures taking place on the pages of our favourite novels. Needless to say, even now books help us to get ready for different kinds of exams and tests, because they can present much useful information.

Even though it may seem that the Internet and television are taking over, the role of books in our lives cannot be underestimated. Reading helps to change our viewpoint. Due to classic books, we can distinguish between the right and the wrong.

Перевод

Сначала я бы хотела обратить внимание на то, что достаточно сложно представить нашу жизнь без книг. Более того, книги являются нашими верными друзьями на различных этапах жизни. В детстве мы читаем наши первые истории и сказки. В школе мы не могли отложить книгу в сторону, когда мы были увлечены чтением захватывающих приключений на страницах наших любимых произведений. Само самой, разумеется, даже сейчас книги помогают нам подготовиться к различным тестам и экзаменам, так как они могут дать нам много полезной информации. И даже, когда, кажется, что интернет и телевидение затмили их, нельзя недооценивать роль книг в нашей жизни. Чтение помогает нам изменить нашу точку зрения. Благодаря классике, мы умеем отличие добро от зла. Чтение помогает нам расти духовно. Также начитанный человек может похвастаться своей эрудицией. Например, исторические произведения могут помочь нам вспомнить многие исторические события, нам это может пригодиться на уроках истории. Пожалуй, также можно добавить, что при чтении книги, вы можете совместить приятное с полезным. По правде говоря, люди, которые много читаю, всегда имеют большое преимущество перед людьми, которые читают меньше.

Что касается меня, то, сколько я себя помню, книги занимают одну из главных ролей в моей жизни. Я обожаю классическую литературу и таких авторов, как Шекспир Диккенс и Селенджер. Их истории показывают нам, что такое храбрость и честность, любовь и настоящая дружба, товарищество и доброта. Я верю, что наше общество не могло быть таким без историй о Ромео и Джульетты и Дориана Грэя. Также стоить добавить, что я люблю читать короткие истории просто так. Книги могут быть очень занимательными и увлекательными. Я глубоко уверена, что книги являются настоящим хранилищем мудрости.

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Books

Some people are fond of reading, while others consider it to be a waste of time.
Different people have different attitude to reading. Some of them have dozens of books in their houses and consider reading to be their favourite pastime. Other people prefer watching TV to reading books.
Personally, I get a lot of enjoyment out of reading books. Our family loves gathering in the sitting room in the evening and reading books: fairy tales, novels, detective stories, thrillers, fantastic stories and what not. It has become a tradition and I"m sure it makes our family united. To my mind, books are our best teachers and friends because they have the power to educate and entertain us. When I"m tired, I like reading detective stories and thrillers. When I want something more serious and instructive, I take an encyclopedia or read some philosophical works. I love reading when I"m travelling, when I"m having meals, when I"m bored or just for relaxation.
However, a lot of people read very little or don"t read at all. They say they have stopped reading books due to their busy way of life. According to some people, reading is a waste of time. They prefer getting all the information they need from television, radio, and the Internet. A lot of people read everything online and check the news on the websites. Besides, some of them think that the fewer books they buy, the more trees they save. But I believe that it is rather sad that many people read much less nowadays. I"m sure that reading is the best learning.
To sum up, I think that our lives would be dull without books because reading stirs our imagination, broadens our mind and entertains us.

Some of my friends say there"s nothing better than reading a good book, while others would rather watch its film version.
Can people live without books nowadays? Is it possible that books will be replaced by television and cinema in the nearest future?
Personally, I"m fond of reading. Books educate and entertain us, bring past centuries to life and help us understand our deepest dreams and fears. To my mind, a book is one of the greatest wonders in the world. It gives us a unique chance to link up with authors who lived hundreds and thousands of years ago. Through reading books we hear their voices and understand their thoughts and feelings. Reading stirs my imagination, creates colourful pictures of the described characters and events in my mind, transfers me to other countries, continents or even to other worlds, introduces me to amazing people who live exciting lives, makes me laugh and cry. I can travel to wild jungles and deserts, to hot Africa and cold Arctic or wherever I like staying at home.
However, some of my friends don"t read at all or read very little. They say that they are too tired after school and can do nothing but watch TV. Some people say that they have little spare time and that is why they prefer watching a film to reading a book. What is more, watching a film is much easier than reading a book because you don"t have to use your imagination.
To sum up, it"s up to you to decide whether to read a book or to watch its film version. But I"m sure that no screen version can be better than a book itself and it can"t substitute a special silent conversation with the author.

Most people are fond of detective stories. Others say that reading detective stories is just a waste of time.
There is hardly a person in the world who has never read detective stories. This literary genre has always been extremely popular with the reading public. But of course there are people who dislike detective stories.
Personally, I find most detective stories rather puzzling and exciting. They arouse the reader"s curiosity and keep him or her in suspense. To my mind, the popularity of detective stories lies in the fact that most people like unravelling complex puzzles. The detective story is like an intellectual game. The reader is given exactly the same information that the detective uses to find the criminal. Most readers treat the story as a battle of wits between themselves and the detective. Others read detective stories for pure relaxation.
However, some people say that all detective stories are the same. In most detective stories, the crime is murder and the clues lead to or away from the solution. Furthermore, it is quite possible to become hooked on reading detective stories. Some people read them when they should be doing something else, for example, work or study. In addition, there are a lot of bad detective stories in many bookshops and I think that reading them is just a waste of time. A second-rate detective story describes unreal people and situations, has poor construction and a boring narrative style. Sometimes the reader can easily guess who the criminal is from the very beginning.
To conclude, it is up to you to decide whether to read detective stories or not. Anyway, a good detective story can do you nothing but good.

Some people say that business books can help them become successful, while others think that they are completely useless.
In any bookshop you can find a lot of books about business. Many people wonder if these books actually help them succeed in their professional careers and if they are really vital for the modern workplace.
Personally, I think that if you want to become a successful businessman, it is not enough to read a couple of books on this subject. What you really need is a lot of experience, persistence and a wish to work hard. To my mind, business books have become a business in themselves. They are just a way for publishers to make money. The more books are sold, the richer they become. Most books that claim that they can revolutionize the way you do business and make you rich and successful have little practical use. Moreover, some business books are so boring that they sit on the shelf unread.
However, some business books are truly worth our investment of time and money. They may become essential tools for students of business at any level. Biographies of successful business people can hold valuable lessons and interesting ideas and they can inspire others to go into business. Some books can give you helpful advice and tell you how to make other people believe you, how to read and use body language, how to make yourself a better manager and how to become richer. Nevertheless, many experts are convinced that most of business books complicate the world of business.
To conclude, don"t buy a book unless you can use it in your work right now. Try to find something really useful and to avoid needless purchases.

Some people say that we don"t need libraries any more. Others are convinced that libraries are not going to disappear.
Library is a place where print, audio, and visual materials are collected and arranged to serve people of all ages and interests. Some people say that traditional libraries are not so popular now as they used to be some years ago. But does it mean that libraries are going to disappear?
Personally, I think that libraries are very useful. Nowadays, besides books, libraries keep manuscripts, documents, newspapers, magazines, CDs, DVDs, video games, e-books and many other electronic resources. Modern libraries are equipped with computers and they store enormous amounts of information that can be checked immediately. People go to the library to read, look, listen search, inquire, discuss, learn, think, relax or while away the time. Anyone can become a member of the library and it usually costs nothing to borrow books.
However, some people say that traditional libraries are useless nowadays. Most young people have become used to retrieving information from the Internet. It may be more efficient and time-saving than visiting a traditional library. But the information that people find online may not be as in depth as the information from other resources such as the books available at a physical library. Besides, libraries are intended for use by people who don"t have a PC, who cannot afford to purchase books and magazines, who need material no individual can be expected to have, or who require professional assistance with their research.
To sum up, I think that libraries play a very important role in the cultural development of any country. Modern libraries help people get unrestricted access to information in many formats and from many sources.

Electronic books are becoming more and more popular. Some people say that e-books are going to replace traditional books in the future, while others are convinced that print books will never disappear.
E-books are making their way onto the world"s markets. A lot of people, especially children and teenagers, who are accustomed to computer screens, have already embraced e-books. But does it mean that if the popularity of e-books grows, paper editions will soon die out?
Personally, I think that e-books are so popular with readers for several reasons. Firstly, they are easy to use because they are light, compact and can store up to thousands of pages. Secondly, e-books have a touch-sensitive screen which can be used to call up a dictionary, to increase the front size and even to add notes in the margin. Thirdly, the bright backlight gives you an opportunity to read in the dark. Finally, people can read e-books in public without having to display the covers.
However, most people still prefer traditional print books. They say that the device for reading e-books is rather expensive and one needs access to the Internet to download them. E-books may cause problems with eyesight because it is rather tiring to read from the screen. Some people say that one of the main disadvantages of e-books is that the battery must be recharged and that e-books can be easily broken. What is more, so far there is only a limited selection of e-books being published. But I think it is very convenient to put a lightweight e-book into your bag when you are leaving for holiday.
To conclude, people will always continue buying, collecting and displaying beautiful paper editions with the sole purpose of possessing them. To my mind, e-books will co-exist with traditional print books. Anyway, we"ll have to wait and see.

Из учебного пособия

Топик Книги и чтение рассказывает о том, как важно много читать и развивать свои навыки чтения, в том числе, и при чтении литературы на английском языке. Как и в любом деле, нужно целенаправленно практиковаться: читать быстро, вникая в суть предмета. Для успешной учебы, чтение – один из самых важных навыков.

Books can fit almost every need, temper, or interest. Books can be read when you are in the mood; you don’t need to do it all the time. Books are both more personal and more impersonal than professors. Books have an inner confidence which individuals seldom show; they rarely have to be on the defensive. Books can afford to be bold, and courageous, and explanatory; they don’t have to be so careful of boards of trustees, colleagues, and community opinion. Books are infinitely diverse; they run the gamut of all human activities. Books can express every point of view; if you need a different point of view, you can read a different book.

Reading is probably the most important skill you need for successful studies. You will have to read lengthy assignments in different subjects with varying degrees of detail and difficulty. If you you read inaccurately, you will fail to understand some of the information and ideas you read. If you read slowly, you will have to spent too much time reading your assignments and the rest of your work may suffer.

Poor reading may be a problem for you, but it can be solved. Like other skills, your abilty to read English fast and accurately demands careful instruction and purposeful practice. You must keep practising on your own to improve your reading skills.

Перевод

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